Acts to Revelation l Episode 9
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Acts to Revelation l Episode 9
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- Dave Stotts: In our last episode, Paul and his companions
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- were spreading the gospel message through Macedonia.
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- We visited incredible places such as Neapolis,
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- Philippi, and Thessalonica.
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- At the end of the episode, the Thessalonian followers of Christ
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- sent Paul, Silas, and Timothy out of Thessalonica to protect
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- them from an angry mob.
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- According to Luke's account, the team was sent on
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- to the remote city of Berea.
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- Dave: The ancient city of Berea is known today as Veria.
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- It's located about 45 miles west of Thessalonica
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- in the region of Macedonia.
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- Although little is known of this place prior to the Roman period,
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- this city has been continuously occupied for nearly 2.500 years.
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- There are almost no archeological ruins of Roman
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- period Berea, however the discover of various monuments
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- and inscriptions do confirm the location and name of this city,
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- here in Roman province of Macedonia.
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- According to Acts chapter 17, Paul, Silas, and probably
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- Timothy arrived here in Berea one night in early 50 A.D.
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- As was his custom, Paul went to the
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- synagogue to preach the gospel.
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- Dave: "Now, the Berean Jews were of more noble character
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- than those in Thessalonica, for they received the message
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- with great eagerness and examined the Scriptures
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- every day to see if what Paul said was true.
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- As a result, many of them believed, as did a number of
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- prominent Greek women and many Greek men," Acts 17:11-12.
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- Dave: According to Luke's account, the listeners at the
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- synagogue here in Berea were described as people of noble
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- character who eagerly received what Paul taught.
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- However, they also examined the Scriptures themselves
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- to verify what Paul was claiming, that Jesus Christ
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- was the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy
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- of a promised Messiah.
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- The example of the Bereans is a great reminder to all of us
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- to compare what we hear in our churches and schools with
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- the historical accounts that we find in the Bible itself.
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- Dave: In addition to the Bereans in the synagogue,
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- apparently many of the Greek men and women
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- of the city also believed in Jesus Christ.
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- Later in Acts, we learn that one of these
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- Greeks was named Sopater, son of Pyrrhus of Berea.
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- Sopater became a colleague of Paul and joined him during later
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- travels in Greece and Macedonia, and finally when Paul returned
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- to Jerusalem before his arrest.
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- Dave: Now, after Paul spent some time preaching
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- and teaching, the Christians here at Berea
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- sent him out of the city for his own protection.
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- It seems the unruly mob from Thessalonica made the
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- 72-kilometer hike to Berea to cause trouble here too.
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- Now, 72 klicks is a long way to walk.
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- It seems to me anyway that your garden variety
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- unruly mob is comprised of people who have a lot
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- of spare time on their hands.
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- Maybe things haven't changed that much in 2.000 years.
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- It's like that old saying, you know, from ye olden time,
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- "Mobs will be mobs."
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- Dave: "The believers immediately sent Paul to the coast,
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- but Silas and Timothy stayed at Berea.
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- Those who escorted Paul brought him to Athens, and then left
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- with instructions for Silas and Timothy to join him as soon
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- as possible," Acts 17:14-15.
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- Dave: According to Luke's account, Paul's
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- next stop was the epic city of Athens.
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- Now, most of that 300-mile journey was probably by boat,
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- but we're gonna drive it and see what we find along the way.
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- Dave: Just 20 minutes outside of Berea
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- is the ancient city of Vergina.
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- It was here in 336 B.C.
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- that King Philip II was assassinated in the theater,
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- and his son, Alexander the Great, was proclaimed king.
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- The site was discovered in 1976 and excavations have now
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- revealed an extensive royal palace and ancient tomb complex,
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- including the undisturbed tomb of Philip II himself.
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- Forty-five minutes outside of Berea
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- is the ancient city of Pella.
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- This was the capital of the Macedonian empire.
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- It was the birthplace of Alexander the Great in 356 B.C.
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- and the starting point for his ten-year campaign to conquer
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- the world, beginning in 334 B.C.
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- As we continue our drive south towards Athens, we cross from
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- Macedonia into Achaia, the other Roman province that was
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- important to early Christianity in this part of the world.
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- [making car engine noises]
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- [coughing]
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- Dave: Wow.
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- Dave: Achaia covered about two-thirds of modern-day Greece.
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- During the Roman period, Corinth was the capital and largest city
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- of this province, where the governor was stationed.
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- Athens was the famous center of culture and learning.
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- About an hour south of Berea is a special mountain
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- that towers above the entire area, Mount Olympus.
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- Dave: There she is, Mount Olympus,
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- often shrouded in mystery.
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- Huge fan.
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- Dave: Sometimes in "Drive Thru History," we travel halfway
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- around the world to get to a site that's covered in
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- scaffolding, or in this case, shrouded in clouds.
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- Well, behind those clouds is the stunning Mount Olympus,
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- fabled home of the 12 Olympian gods led by Zeus.
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- To the ancient Greeks, this location was the
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- centerpiece of their mythological beliefs.
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- A number of peaks formed Mount Olympus.
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- Together, they comprised the realm of the gods, with the
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- highest peaks considered off-limits to mere mortals.
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- Today, the highest peak is known as Mytikas,
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- rising to 9.570 feet.
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- In Greek mythology, this peak was associated with the meeting
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- place for Zeus and his pantheon of gods.
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- This peak is known as Stefani.
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- In ancient times, it was known as the throne of Zeus.
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- Although the Greek gods were based in myth and legend, Mount
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- Olympus was a very real place to the ancient Greeks.
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- Continuing our drive south, our next stop is Thermopylae,
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- about 100 miles north of Athens.
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- Dave: I've made it to Thermopylae, here on
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- the eastern coast of central Greece.
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- Now, the name Thermopylae means "Hot Gates,"
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- because of the hot sulfur springs in the area.
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- According to Greek mythology, this was one of the gates
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- to Hades, the underworld of the dead.
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- In ancient times, Thermopylae was a very narrow land passage
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- with those huge, steep mountains running down into the sea,
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- leaving a thin marshy area along the coast.
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- But silt, over the centuries, has pushed the coastline out,
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- and you can see this road here, which will give you a pretty
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- good indication of where the shoreline would
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- have been during the 5th century B.C.
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- Thermopylae was the location for the epic battle between
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- the Persians and the alliance of Greek city-states
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- led by King Leonidas of Sparta.
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- Now, this battle has been made famous because of a
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- number of movies, TV shows, and video games
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- in the pop culture legend known as the 300.
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- You see, in addition to being king, Leonidas commanded
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- an elite group of 300 Spartan guards.
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- And like all male Spartans, Leonidas had been trained
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- since childhood to be a Hoplite warrior.
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- Dave: The Spartans were known for their physical and mental
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- toughness, and spent their entire lives preparing
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- for the rigors of becoming warriors.
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- Let's take a look at how the typical
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- Spartan warrior was equipped.
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- First, there were dreadlocks.
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- Spartans thought they were both handsome and fear-inducing.
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- Next came the beard, minus the mustache.
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- Think Abraham Lincoln with dreadlocks.
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- Working from the feet up, we add sandals, though while in
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- training, they often went barefoot to toughen their feet.
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- It is said that Spartan boys were forbidden to wear shoes,
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- lest their feet become soft.
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- Bronze greaves protected the shins.
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- A pteruges, made of tough leather,
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- protected the waist and groin.
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- A bronze cuirass protected the chest and back.
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- By crouching closely together, Spartans could form a phalanx,
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- which protected the group from arrows
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- and other forms of attack.
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- Finally, there was a felt helmet liner and then a
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- Corinthian-style bronze helmet, which protected the head
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- and gave a fearsome appearance.
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- The helmet often had a stiff, horse hair crest,
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- which made the warriors appear taller and added
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- some protection from blows to the head.
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- The crest could also signify one's rank and unit.
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- Thus equipped, the Spartans were a most fearsome force.
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- During the 5th century B.C., the Persians were out to conquer
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- the world, including the powerful city-states of Greece.
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- It started under Darius the Great, who is mentioned in the
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- Old Testament books of Ezra and Nehemiah.
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- After the death of Darius in 486 B.C., his son,
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- Xerxes, took over world conquering duties.
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- Xerxes is the Persian king mentioned in
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- the Old Testament book of Esther.
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- Dave: In 480 B.C., the Persians, under Xerxes, waged
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- a second great military campaign against the Greeks.
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- The pass here at Thermopylae was the only land route that the
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- Persians could take in order to attack the lower city-states.
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- Because of the narrow nature of the pass, this was where the
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- Spartans set up their defenses.
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- Now, legend has it that 300 Spartans held off a million
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- Persian soldiers, but that's not exactly what happened.
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- In reality, it was 300 elite Spartan bodyguards
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- that served King Leonidas, and several other
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- Greek city-states joined in the fight.
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- A good estimate is about 7.000 soldiers from
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- about 14 different Greek city-states.
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- Now, the Persian army was huge, but it was short of a million.
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- Modern scholars today suggest it was a Persian army of between
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- 100.000 and 300.000.
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- Still, not great odds for the Greek allies.
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- Dave: In any event, there was a three-day battle where the
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- Greeks held off the Persians with legendary feats of courage.
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- The Persian army was primarily archers with wicker shields,
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- which is one of the reasons the Spartans were able
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- to hold out as long as they did.
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- The Persian arrows couldn't penetrate the
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- metal of the overlapped Hoplite shields.
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- Dave: On the third day of the battle, it became obvious that
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- the Persians would overwhelm the outnumbered Greeks, so Leonidas
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- pushed his elite Spartans into the widest part of the pass in
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- order to inflict maximum Persian casualties and to give
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- the remaining Greek soldiers an avenue of escape.
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- In the ensuing clash, Leonidas was killed in heroic fashion.
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- His men fought furiously to retrieve his body
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- but were unsuccessful.
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- Now, here at Thermopylae, you can see today
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- a monument with the phrase, "Go tell the Spartans," the phrase,
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- attributed to Leonidas, where he essentially was saying,
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- "Go tell the Spartans that I did what I had come to do."
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- The battle of Thermopylae and the role of the 300 Spartans
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- soon acquired legendary status.
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- Free men sacrificed themselves in order to
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- protect the Greek way of life from foreign invasion.
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- 00:14:04.100 --> 00:14:06.260
- 00:14:10.020 --> 00:14:18.240
- Dave: This is the end of our 300-mile Greek
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- road trip from Berea.
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- This is the epic city of Athens.
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- Athens was established around 1.400 B.C. and rose quickly
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- to become the most prestigious
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- of the ancient Greek city-states.
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- The name of Athens is connected to the Greek goddess Athena,
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- who according to legend won the right to give her name
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- to the city after a competition with Poseidon.
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- Dave: The initial settlement of the city was on the
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- Acropolis, which housed a palace, at least one temple,
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- and had a wall encircling it.
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- Democracy emerged in Athens centuries later, beginning with
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- a constitution in the earth 6th century B.C.
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- In the earth 5th century, Athens started developing
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- its own navy to defend the region against the growing
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- threat of invasion from Persia.
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- In addition to building over 200 warships,
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- a new harbor at Piraeus was constructed
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- and connected to Athens via a walled road.
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- Dave: In the wars with Persia that followed, the Athenians
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- were able to defend their homeland largely due
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- to its navy, its leadership, and its alliances
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- with other Greek city-states.
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- Although Athens was sacked twice, the Persians were
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- ultimately defeated, and the period that followed
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- was the Golden Age of Athens.
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- Dave: During this period, playwrights such as Aeschylus
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- and Euripides composed their masterpieces, which are still
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- read and performed today.
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- Herodotus and Thucydides recorded histories that continue
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- to be used by modern scholars.
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- Socrates trained a line of philosophers, including Plato,
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- that influenced many of the great thinkers for centuries.
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- Hippocrates established medicine as a distinct field of study in
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- Greece and Pericles led Athens into greatness,
- 00:16:17.000 --> 00:16:21.290
- promoting academics, art, architecture, and democracy,
- 00:16:22.000 --> 00:16:26.160
- and started construction projects on the Acropolis,
- 00:16:26.170 --> 00:16:29.260
- including the Parthenon.
- 00:16:29.270 --> 00:16:32.070
- The Parthenon soon became the most awesome and imposing
- 00:16:32.210 --> 00:16:35.240
- building on the Acropolis, housing a 37-foot statue of
- 00:16:35.250 --> 00:16:40.030
- Athena, covered with ivory and gold.
- 00:16:40.040 --> 00:16:43.240
- Another statue of Athena, even more massive, was made
- 00:16:43.250 --> 00:16:47.060
- of bronze and stood over 49 feet high outside the temple.
- 00:16:47.070 --> 00:16:52.260
- The Parthenon functioned not only as a monument and temple
- 00:16:52.270 --> 00:16:56.120
- to Athena, but as a bank for the city of Athens.
- 00:16:56.130 --> 00:17:00.240
- Dave: In the 6th century A.D., the Parthenon
- 00:17:01.180 --> 00:17:04.020
- was converted into a church after Christianity became
- 00:17:04.030 --> 00:17:07.020
- widespread here in Athens.
- 00:17:07.030 --> 00:17:09.070
- Then, for a time, when the Ottomans controlled the region,
- 00:17:09.080 --> 00:17:12.100
- the Parthenon was used as a mosque.
- 00:17:12.110 --> 00:17:14.250
- It was also doubled as a warehouse for weapons.
- 00:17:14.260 --> 00:17:18.010
- Unfortunately, the large amounts of gunpowder stored here led to
- 00:17:18.020 --> 00:17:21.280
- an explosion in 1687, during a war with Venice, and the
- 00:17:21.290 --> 00:17:27.080
- structure was severely damaged.
- 00:17:27.090 --> 00:17:30.050
- It wasn't until 1983 that the massive restoration
- 00:17:30.060 --> 00:17:34.000
- project you can see going on here today was started,
- 00:17:34.010 --> 00:17:37.180
- with the goal of restoring the Parthenon to as
- 00:17:37.190 --> 00:17:40.100
- close to its ancient form as possible.
- 00:17:40.110 --> 00:17:42.220
- The Parthenon remains today an enduring symbol
- 00:17:42.230 --> 00:17:46.140
- of ancient Greece in Athenian democracy.
- 00:17:46.150 --> 00:17:49.180
- Visible from all over the city, its massive columns
- 00:17:49.190 --> 00:17:52.200
- still represent one of the world's great monuments.
- 00:17:52.210 --> 00:17:56.030
- During the Roman period, much of the monumental
- 00:17:56.180 --> 00:17:58.290
- architecture was expanded and rebuilt.
- 00:17:59.000 --> 00:18:02.240
- Now, the Golden Age of Athens was long gone, but the city
- 00:18:02.250 --> 00:18:05.190
- was still an important center of learning and philosophy.
- 00:18:05.200 --> 00:18:09.170
- Even Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum
- 00:18:09.180 --> 00:18:12.260
- were still in operation during the Roman period.
- 00:18:12.270 --> 00:18:16.150
- Dave: This is the Athens that Paul visited in about 50 A.D.
- 00:18:18.140 --> 00:18:22.190
- As you'll recall, Paul was forced to flee a mob in Berea,
- 00:18:22.200 --> 00:18:27.180
- and he was escorted here to Athens by some
- 00:18:27.190 --> 00:18:29.240
- of the new Berean Christians.
- 00:18:29.250 --> 00:18:32.120
- Paul was instructed to wait here in the city until Silas
- 00:18:32.130 --> 00:18:36.050
- and Timothy could join him.
- 00:18:36.060 --> 00:18:38.140
- According to chapter 17 of Acts, here's what happened next.
- 00:18:38.150 --> 00:18:44.100
- "While Paul was waiting in Athens, he was greatly
- 00:18:44.110 --> 00:18:47.010
- distressed to see that the city was full of idols.
- 00:18:47.020 --> 00:18:51.120
- So, he reasoned in the synagogue with both Jews and God-fearing
- 00:18:51.130 --> 00:18:55.150
- Greeks, as well as in marketplace day by day
- 00:18:55.160 --> 00:18:59.050
- with those who happened to be there.
- 00:18:59.060 --> 00:19:01.190
- A group of epicurean and stoic philosophers
- 00:19:01.200 --> 00:19:04.220
- began to debate with him.
- 00:19:04.230 --> 00:19:06.260
- Some of them asked, 'What is this babbler trying to say?'
- 00:19:06.270 --> 00:19:10.040
- Others remarked, 'He seems to be advocating foreign gods.'
- 00:19:10.050 --> 00:19:14.200
- They said this because Paul was preaching the good
- 00:19:14.210 --> 00:19:17.000
- news about Jesus and the resurrection," Acts 17:16-18.
- 00:19:17.010 --> 00:19:23.220
- Dave: While waiting in Athens, Paul immediately noticed
- 00:19:24.230 --> 00:19:27.180
- that the city was filled with idols, shrines, and altars,
- 00:19:27.190 --> 00:19:32.250
- and temples dedicated to Pagan gods.
- 00:19:32.260 --> 00:19:35.100
- According to Luke's account, this troubled him greatly.
- 00:19:35.110 --> 00:19:38.160
- Altars in Greece were often dedicated to specific gods,
- 00:19:38.170 --> 00:19:42.170
- such as Zeus, Athena, Apollo, or Poseidon.
- 00:19:42.180 --> 00:19:46.250
- Altars here in Athens were even dedicated
- 00:19:46.260 --> 00:19:49.070
- to the demons of the underworld.
- 00:19:49.080 --> 00:19:52.000
- Walking around ancient Athens today, you still see shrines,
- 00:19:53.200 --> 00:19:56.260
- and temples, and altars everywhere.
- 00:19:56.270 --> 00:19:59.180
- These Pagan places of worship were so common that virtually
- 00:19:59.190 --> 00:20:03.050
- every block had an association with some god,
- 00:20:03.060 --> 00:20:06.190
- goddess, spirit, or demon.
- 00:20:06.200 --> 00:20:09.100
- A Roman official serving under Emperor Nero
- 00:20:09.110 --> 00:20:12.140
- in the 1st century A.D. once said of Athens,
- 00:20:12.150 --> 00:20:15.260
- "Truly, our neighborhood is so well stocked with
- 00:20:15.270 --> 00:20:19.030
- deities to hand, you will easier meet with a god than a man."
- 00:20:19.040 --> 00:20:23.250
- Dave: Therefore, just as Luke described in Acts, Paul
- 00:20:24.220 --> 00:20:28.020
- was truly experiencing a city, quote, "Full of idols."
- 00:20:28.030 --> 00:20:33.080
- Dave: During his time in Athens, Paul taught and probably
- 00:20:33.090 --> 00:20:36.190
- worked in the commercial section of the agora, or marketplace,
- 00:20:36.200 --> 00:20:41.140
- right below the Acropolis.
- 00:20:41.150 --> 00:20:44.010
- Now, his time in the marketplace allowed Paul
- 00:20:44.020 --> 00:20:46.160
- to come into contact with people from all walks of life.
- 00:20:46.170 --> 00:20:50.080
- As you can see, the agora from the Roman period, right next
- 00:20:50.090 --> 00:20:53.140
- to the ancient agora, has been remarkably preserved,
- 00:20:53.150 --> 00:20:57.000
- including buildings, streets, statues, and altars.
- 00:20:57.010 --> 00:21:02.020
- At some point, Paul caught the attention of the local
- 00:21:04.030 --> 00:21:06.210
- philosophers and became an instant curiosity in the city.
- 00:21:06.220 --> 00:21:11.070
- They asked Paul to come before the Council of the Areopagus
- 00:21:11.080 --> 00:21:16.010
- and explain his new way of thinking.
- 00:21:16.020 --> 00:21:18.190
- They said, "You are bringing some strange ideas to our ears
- 00:21:18.200 --> 00:21:22.280
- and we would like to know what they mean," Acts 17:20.
- 00:21:22.290 --> 00:21:27.160
- The Areopagus of Athens, also known as Mars Hill,
- 00:21:29.080 --> 00:21:32.230
- is located just northwest of the Acropolis.
- 00:21:32.240 --> 00:21:35.210
- Basically, it's a small mountain of marble where people met.
- 00:21:35.220 --> 00:21:39.290
- During the classical period, it was used as an
- 00:21:40.000 --> 00:21:42.190
- assembly place for judicial tribunals for major crimes.
- 00:21:42.200 --> 00:21:46.160
- When Paul was in Athens, the Areopagus had become a popular
- 00:21:46.170 --> 00:21:50.140
- gathering place for people to discuss and debate ideas.
- 00:21:50.150 --> 00:21:55.090
- The Council of the Areopagus consisted of 100 members,
- 00:21:55.100 --> 00:21:59.090
- including philosophers, scholars,
- 00:21:59.100 --> 00:22:02.000
- and former officials of Athens.
- 00:22:02.010 --> 00:22:05.100
- Dave: According to Acts chapter 17, it was here at the Areopagus
- 00:22:06.200 --> 00:22:10.160
- that Paul engaged the professional thinkers of Athens.
- 00:22:10.170 --> 00:22:14.260
- Paul very wisely acknowledged the broad spiritual curiosity
- 00:22:14.270 --> 00:22:19.170
- of the Athenians, which provided a natural opening
- 00:22:19.180 --> 00:22:22.170
- for a conversation about God.
- 00:22:22.180 --> 00:22:25.190
- "People of Athens!
- 00:22:25.200 --> 00:22:27.170
- I see that in every way, you are very religious, for as I walked
- 00:22:27.180 --> 00:22:31.190
- around and looked carefully at your objects of worship,
- 00:22:31.200 --> 00:22:34.210
- I even found an altar with this inscription,
- 00:22:34.220 --> 00:22:38.000
- 'To an unknown god.'
- 00:22:38.010 --> 00:22:40.150
- So, you are ignorant of the very thing you worship,
- 00:22:40.160 --> 00:22:43.290
- and this is what I am going to proclaim to you.
- 00:22:44.000 --> 00:22:47.140
- The God who made the world and everything in it is the Lord of
- 00:22:47.150 --> 00:22:52.040
- heaven and earth, and does not live in temples built
- 00:22:52.050 --> 00:22:55.220
- by human hands, and he is not served by human hands
- 00:22:55.230 --> 00:22:59.210
- as if he needed anything.
- 00:22:59.220 --> 00:23:02.030
- Rather, he himself gives everyone life, and breath,
- 00:23:02.040 --> 00:23:05.290
- and everything else," Acts 17:22-25.
- 00:23:06.000 --> 00:23:11.120
- Dave: In Paul's speech to the Areopagus Council, he used an
- 00:23:11.290 --> 00:23:15.260
- altar to the unknown god to illustrate that the god unknown
- 00:23:15.270 --> 00:23:21.070
- to the Athenians was really the one true God of the Bible.
- 00:23:21.080 --> 00:23:25.140
- Greek philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle used the generic
- 00:23:25.150 --> 00:23:30.280
- term "theos" or "god" in their ancient writings.
- 00:23:30.290 --> 00:23:34.100
- So, Paul's explanation would have been extremely interesting
- 00:23:34.110 --> 00:23:38.030
- to the educated philosophers here in Athens.
- 00:23:38.040 --> 00:23:41.090
- Paul went on to make the gospel understandable
- 00:23:41.100 --> 00:23:45.000
- within the Athenian context.
- 00:23:45.010 --> 00:23:47.160
- He referred to Greek gods, Greek philosophers,
- 00:23:47.170 --> 00:23:50.160
- and Greek poets in his talk, delivering a masterful example
- 00:23:50.170 --> 00:23:54.240
- that the gospel of Jesus Christ applies to everyone.
- 00:23:54.250 --> 00:23:59.130
- Dave: Paul concluded, "Therefore, since we are
- 00:24:03.140 --> 00:24:06.010
- God's offspring, we should not think that the divine
- 00:24:06.020 --> 00:24:09.020
- being is like gold, or silver, or stone, an image made
- 00:24:09.030 --> 00:24:13.160
- by human design and skill.
- 00:24:13.170 --> 00:24:16.010
- In the past, God overlooked such ignorance, but now he commands
- 00:24:16.020 --> 00:24:20.100
- all people everywhere to repent.
- 00:24:20.110 --> 00:24:23.120
- For he has set a day when he will judge the world with
- 00:24:23.130 --> 00:24:26.210
- justice by the man he has appointed.
- 00:24:26.220 --> 00:24:30.020
- He has given proof of this to everyone by raising him
- 00:24:30.030 --> 00:24:33.260
- from the dead," Acts 17:29-31.
- 00:24:33.270 --> 00:24:37.230
- Dave: Many people rejected Paul's message here on Mars Hill
- 00:24:43.170 --> 00:24:47.000
- that day, but Luke records that a number of people
- 00:24:47.010 --> 00:24:49.220
- became believers, including a man named Dionysius,
- 00:24:49.230 --> 00:24:53.100
- who himself was a member of the Areopagus Council,
- 00:24:53.110 --> 00:24:56.110
- along with a woman named Damaris.
- 00:24:56.120 --> 00:24:58.240
- Now, we don't know much about these first Christians here
- 00:24:58.250 --> 00:25:01.290
- in Athens, but history records that Christianity
- 00:25:02.000 --> 00:25:05.070
- grew here in the late 1st century.
- 00:25:05.080 --> 00:25:08.030
- Over the years, one of the big symbols of the expansion of
- 00:25:08.040 --> 00:25:11.050
- Christianity was the number of Orthodox churches built over
- 00:25:11.060 --> 00:25:15.050
- Pagan temples throughout the city.
- 00:25:15.060 --> 00:25:18.220
- This is the church of Panagia Kapnikarea,
- 00:25:19.110 --> 00:25:22.080
- built over an ancient temple to Athena.
- 00:25:22.090 --> 00:25:25.280
- Panagia refers to the Virgin Mary.
- 00:25:25.290 --> 00:25:28.260
- Now, this church is located on the street of Ermou,
- 00:25:28.270 --> 00:25:33.060
- Athens's most lively and crowded downtown street.
- 00:25:33.070 --> 00:25:37.080
- 00:25:37.250 --> 00:25:47.200
- Dave: This is the Church of the Holy Apostles,
- 00:25:48.150 --> 00:25:51.050
- built right here in the middle of the ancient agora
- 00:25:51.060 --> 00:25:54.130
- in the 10th century.
- 00:25:54.140 --> 00:25:56.000
- I love this setting of this church, with the Acropolis
- 00:25:56.010 --> 00:25:59.000
- rising up in the background.
- 00:25:59.010 --> 00:26:01.170
- According to Acts chapter 18, it was shortly after Paul's
- 00:26:05.120 --> 00:26:08.130
- presentation of the gospel on the Areopagus that he left
- 00:26:08.140 --> 00:26:12.030
- Athens and traveled to the capital city of Corinth.
- 00:26:12.040 --> 00:26:15.200
- So, it's time for us to hit the road for the next stop
- 00:26:15.210 --> 00:26:18.260
- in our epic journey.
- 00:26:18.270 --> 00:26:20.210
- 00:26:21.040 --> 00:26:26.290
- 00:26:29.040 --> 00:26:39.040
- 00:26:39.100 --> 00:26:49.070
- 00:26:49.140 --> 00:26:59.060
- 00:26:59.090 --> 00:27:07.190
- [engine revving]
- 00:27:10.100 --> 00:27:13.080
- 00:27:14.160 --> 00:27:24.020
- 00:27:24.130 --> 00:27:30.160